What are eight causes of distal bowel obstruction?

1. Imperforate anus
2. Hirschsprung’s disease
3. Small left colon (associated with maternal diabetes)
4. Meconium plug syndrome (barium enema showing cast of meconium in colon; 10% of patients have Hirschsprung’s disease)
5. Meconium ileus (almost all associated with CF)
6. Jejunal or ileal atresia due to intrauterine vascular event
7. Intussusception
8. Inguinal hernia